সংজ্ঞা
Knee replacement, also called arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure to replace a knee damaged by disease or injury.
Recovery may take several weeks to months depending on your overall health.
পদ্ধতির কারণ
This is done if you have chronic pain and stiffness in the knee joint that limits activities.
Knee replacement surgery is most often done to:
- Ease knee pain and disability due to arthritis or previous severe knee injury
- Correct a knee deformity
সম্ভাব্য জটিলতা
পদ্ধতি থেকে সমস্যা বিরল, কিন্তু সমস্ত পদ্ধতির কিছু ঝুঁকি আছে। আপনার ডাক্তার সম্ভাব্য সমস্যা পর্যালোচনা করবেন, যেমন:
- সংক্রমণ
- Excess bleeding
- ফোলা
- রক্ত জমাট
- Chronic weakness in knee joint
- Worsening or unchanged pain
জটিলতার ঝুঁকি বাড়াতে পারে এমন কারণগুলির মধ্যে রয়েছে:
- ধূমপান
- কম পুষ্টি উপাদান
- রক্ত জমাট বাঁধার ইতিহাস
- Long-term illness
- Use of certain medications
কি আশা করছ
পদ্ধতির আগে
আপনার ডাক্তার সম্ভবত নিম্নলিখিতগুলি করবেন:
- শারীরিক পরীক্ষা
- রক্ত পরীক্ষা
- এক্স-রে
- MRI to get images of the internal structure of the knee
Before surgery, you will need to:
- Arrange for a ride home.
- Arrange for help at home while you recover.
- Talk to your doctor about any allergies you have.
- Ask your doctor about assisted devices you will need.
- If you are overweight, ওজন কমানো. This will help to decrease the amount of stress on your new joint.
- Install safety equipment in the bathroom, shower, and on the stairs.
- Prepare a bedroom on the first floor if possible. Climbing stairs will be difficult at first.
Talk to your doctor about any medications, herbs, or supplements you are taking. You may be asked to stop taking some medications up to one week before the procedure, like:
- Aspirin and other anti-inflammatory drugs
- Blood-thinning drugs, such as warfarin
- Anti-platelet drugs, such as clopidogrel
Do not eat or drink anything after midnight the day before your surgery, unless told otherwise by your doctor.
এনেস্থেশিয়া
Anesthesia will keep you pain-free and comfortable during the procedure. Anesthesia methods include:
- General anesthesia—you will be asleep
- Spinal or epidural anesthesia—your lower body will be numbed from an injection into the back
পদ্ধতির বর্ণনা
The doctor will make a cut in the skin. The damaged cartilage and bone will be removed. The remaining bone will be prepared to receive the new joint made from material such as plastic and metal. The doctor will then place the artificial joint in the proper position. It may be cemented within the bone. The doctor will close the incision with staples. A drain will be left in to allow extra fluid to flow out.
এতে কতক্ষণ সময় লাগবে?
About 2 hours.
এটা কতটা আঘাত করবে?
Anesthesia will block pain during the procedure. You will have pain after the procedure. Ask your doctor about medication to help manage pain.
গড় হাসপাতালে থাকার
This procedure is done in a hospital setting. The usual length of stay is 3-4 days. Your doctor may choose to keep you longer if complications arise.
পোস্ট-প্রক্রিয়া যত্ন
হাসপাতালে
Right after the procedure, you will be taken to recovery and monitored closely. The staff may give you:
- A splint or brace to hold the knee in the right position
- ব্যথার ঔষধ
- সংক্রমণ প্রতিরোধ করতে অ্যান্টিবায়োটিক
- Medication that prevents blood clots
While you are recovering at the hospital, you may need to use a continuous passive motion machine, which is designed to:
- Slowly move your knee
- Restore function
- Decrease swelling
- Improve circulation
During your recovery, you will need to:
- Move your foot and ankle to increase blood flow back to your heart.
- Wear support stockings. These may help prevent blood clots from forming in your legs.
- Work with a physical therapist. You may start the day after surgery. You will learn safe ways to move your knee and support your weight.
- Wear a brace or splint. You will learn how to use a walker, crutches, or other support devices.
ঘরে
To help ensure a smooth recovery at home, take these steps:
- Keep the incision area clean and dry. Place a clean dressing over it.
- কখন গোসল করা, গোসল করা বা জলে ভিজানো নিরাপদ সে সম্পর্কে আপনার ডাক্তারকে জিজ্ঞাসা করুন।
- Start working with a physical therapist once you are instructed to. The therapist will focus on balance, range-of-motion, and strength training.
- বজায় রাখা a স্বাস্থ্যকর ওজন after surgery.
- Follow your doctor’s instructions.
Within six weeks, you should be able to go back to light activities and driving. You may feel a soft clicking in the joint when walking or bending. Continue to work with the physical therapist. Water-based exercises may help to improve joint pain, swelling around the knee, and range of motion.
After your knee replacement, you must take preventive antibiotics before dental or surgical procedures to prevent infection. Talk to your doctor before your dental appointments or any other surgery.
আপনার ডাক্তারকে কল করুন
Call your doctor if any of the following occurs:
- জ্বর এবং ঠাণ্ডা সহ সংক্রমণের লক্ষণ
- লালভাব, ফোলাভাব, ক্রমবর্ধমান ব্যথা, অত্যধিক রক্তপাত, বা কাটা স্থান থেকে স্রাব
- Swelling, redness, or pain in your legs, calves, or feet
- Pain that you cannot control with the medications you have been given
- বমি বমি ভাব এবং বমি
- কাশি, শ্বাসকষ্ট বা বুকে ব্যথা
- Your leg, foot, or toes appear chalky white, blue, or black
- Numbness or tingling in your leg, foot, or toes
- ব্যথা, জ্বলন, জরুরী, প্রস্রাবের ফ্রিকোয়েন্সি, বা প্রস্রাবে অবিরাম রক্তপাত
আপনি যদি মনে করেন আপনার জরুরী অবস্থা আছে, তাহলে অবিলম্বে চিকিৎসা সহায়তার জন্য কল করুন।