সংজ্ঞা
Chondrosarcoma is a type of cancer. It grows in cartilage cells in the body. Cartilage is the connective tissue. Most bones are created from cartilage. It is found in many areas of the body.
This cancer is typically found in the cartilage cells of the femur, arm, pelvis, knee, and spine. Rarely, the ribs and other areas may also be affected.
The condition is uncommon. It is the second most common type of bone cancer. It most often strikes between the ages of 50-70. Chondrosarcoma rarely strikes individuals younger than 20.
যখন শরীরের কোষগুলি নিয়ন্ত্রণ বা আদেশ ছাড়াই বিভাজিত হয় তখন ক্যান্সার হয়। যদি কোষগুলি অনিয়ন্ত্রিতভাবে বিভাজন করতে থাকে তবে টিস্যুগুলির একটি ভর তৈরি হয়। একে গ্রোথ বা টিউমার বলে। ক্যান্সার শব্দটি ম্যালিগন্যান্ট টিউমারকে বোঝায়। তারা কাছাকাছি টিস্যু আক্রমণ করতে পারে এবং শরীরের অন্যান্য অংশে ছড়িয়ে পড়তে পারে।
As with all cancers, the prognosis or outcome depends upon how large the tumor is and whether it has spread to distant structures.
কারণসমূহ
The cause of this cancer is not fully known. Some cases may be due to genetic factor.
ঝুঁকির কারণ
Certain factors seem to be common among individuals who develop chondrosarcoma, these include:
- Enchondroma—a benign bone tumor often found in the hands
- Osteochondroma —excess cartilage or bone found at the end of a growth plate
- Multiple osteochondromas (bone tumors)
- Ollier’s disease, which causes a group of enchondromas
- Maffucci’s syndrome, which causes a combination of multiple endochondromas and various tumors
লক্ষণ
Symptoms will vary from person to person. The location and severity of the tumor will affect them. The most common symptoms of chondrosarcoma include:
- Large lump or mass on a bone
- Pressure surrounding the mass
- Pain that worsens at night
- Pain that responds to anti-inflammatory pain relievers
- Pain that does not improve with rest
- Pain that gradually worsens over time and may last for years
রোগ নির্ণয়
আপনার ডাক্তার আপনার লক্ষণ এবং চিকিৎসা ইতিহাস সম্পর্কে জিজ্ঞাসা করবে। একটি শারীরিক পরীক্ষা সম্পন্ন করা হবে।
পরীক্ষায় নিম্নলিখিতগুলি অন্তর্ভুক্ত থাকতে পারে:
- Biopsy —removal of a sample of tissue to check for a tumor (to diagnose a malignancy)
- X-ray —a test that uses radiation to take images of tissues, bones, and cartilage
- CT scan —a type of x-ray that uses a computer to make pictures of internal organs, bones, and cartilage
- MRI scan —a test that uses magnetic waves to make pictures of internal organs, bones, and cartilage
- PET/CT scan —a test to evaluate the metabolic activity of tissues
- Blood tests—to determine abnormalities in the blood
চিকিৎসা
Treatment can vary based on your age, overall health, and stage of the disease. Talk with your doctor about the best plan for you. Treatment options include:
সার্জারি
This may be used to remove the tumor.
বিকিরণ থেরাপির
High energy x-rays are used to target and kill cancer cells.
কেমোথেরাপি
Drugs that kill tumor cells may be used. Chemotherapy is considered investigational in the management of chondrosarcomas.
শারীরিক চিকিৎসা
Physical therapy may be used to help the affected area heal following surgery.
প্রতিরোধ
The cause of chondrosarcoma is not fully understood. There are no known preventive steps for this condition.