تعريف
These two types of anesthesia numb your body from the chest down to the legs. The medicine is placed directly into the spine area.
أسباب هذا الإجراء
Spinal and epidural anesthesia is frequently given for surgeries involving:
- Pelvis, hips, and legs
- الولادة
Advantages of these types of anesthesia include:
- Ability to be awake during the operation
- Avoid complications of general anesthesia
المضاعفات المحتملة
Complications are rare, but no procedure is completely free of risk. If you are planning to have spinal and epidural anesthesia, your سيقوم الطبيب بمراجعة القائمة من المضاعفات المحتملة، والتي قد تشمل:
- Severe headache or ألم في الظهر
- Drop in blood pressure
- تلف العصب
- العدوى
- Allergic reaction to the anesthetic used
- Longer labor during childbirth (epidural anesthesia)
بعض العوامل التي قد تزيد من خطر المضاعفات تشمل:
- التدخين
- اضطرابات النزيف
- Prior allergic reactions to anesthetics
- تجفيف
- الجهاز المناعي اضطرابات
تأكد من مناقشة هذه المخاطر مع طبيبك قبل الجراحة.
ما يمكن توقعه
قبل الإجراء
Make sure that your doctor is aware of:
- Your drug allergies
- Medicines you are taking
- Any heart or lung conditions you have
- Any previous reactions that you or other family members have had to anesthesia
- Any bleeding problems you have had in the past
وصف الإجراء
You will be connected to various monitors to keep track of your:
- ضغط الدم
- Pulse
- Oxygen content of your blood
You may also have:
- An IV line to provide you with fluids
- A catheter (tube) put into your bladder to keep urine drained
An area on your back above the spinal cord will be cleaned. A local anesthetic will be injected into the skin to numb the area. This is to decrease pain from the larger needle that will be put in your back. If you are getting spinal anesthesia, the doctor will give you one injection. The medicine will be sent directly into the sac of fluid that surrounds the spinal cord.
If you are getting epidural anesthesia, it may be delivered the same way. But, if you need more than one dose, you will have a tiny, flexible tube in place just outside of the fluid sac. This allows the doctor to give you more medicine if you need it. After the surgery, the doctor will place a bandage over the injection spot.
مباشرة بعد الإجراء
- After spinal anesthesia—You may be told to stay in bed with your head flat for several hours. This is to prevent a headache.
- After either spinal or epidural anesthesia—You will stay in bed until your legs are no longer numb.
كم من الوقت سيستغرق ؟
Giving spinal or epidural anesthesia usually takes about 15 minutes.
- Spinal anesthesia—begins working right after the injection is given
- Epidural anesthesia—takes about 10-20 minutes to begin working
كم هو مؤلم ؟
You will feel some pain when the needle is inserted.
متوسط الإقامة في المستشفى
This depends on the نوع الجراحة being done.
الرعاية ما بعد الجراحة
في المستشفى
If you received epidural anesthesia, the tube may be left in place to give you more medicine. When you no longer need pain control, the doctor will remove the tube.
في البيت
When you return home, do the following to help ensure a smooth recovery:
- For the first 24 hours:
- Do not drive or operate machinery.
- Do not drink alcohol.
- تأكد من اتباع تعليمات طبيبك.
استدعاء الطبيب
بعد مغادرة المستشفى ، اتصل بطبيبك في حالة حدوث أي مما يلي:
- علامات الإصابة, بما في ذلك حمى وقشعريرة
- Persistent or severe headache or back pain
- Dizziness, fainting
- Weakness, numbness, or tingling in your arms or legs
- Loss of bladder or bowel control
- الطفح الجلدي
- صعوبة في التنفس
في حالة الطوارئ ، اتصل على المساعدة الطبية على الفور.