Brain and spinal cord tumors are abnormal growths of tissue found inside the skull or on the spine. Any tumor (cancerous or non-cancerous) located near the central nervous system (brain or spinal cord) can pose a threat to health. Symptoms of brain tumors include headaches, seizures, nausea and vomiting, vision or hearing problems, behavioral and cognitive problems, motor problems, and balance problems.
For a tumor that can be removed without unacceptable risk of neurological damage, surgery to remove as much tumor as possible is usually the first step in treatment. Some tumors may be inaccessible or inoperable tumor because of the risk of severe nervous system damage.
Who gets brain tumors?
Because of these available treatment facilities, very low cost of treatment and very good success rate of surgery, many international patients are attracted to India for their low cost brain tumor surgery in India. Primary brain tumors occur in people of all ages. Metastatic brain tumors are much more common in adults. Primary malignant brain tumors are the second most common cause of cancer death in children up to 15 years old. They are the second most common cause of cancer death in people ages 15 to 34. They are the third most common cause of cancer death in males ages 35 to 54. Malignant brain tumors seldom metastasize outside the brain and spinal cord. The bones of the skull hide brain tumors. The doctor cannot feel or see them during a routine examination. Scans produce pictures that suggest a particular type of tumor. Only a sample of tumor examined under a microscope can provide an exact diagnosis. If this type of examination is not possible, an educated assumption is made based on available test results. Often, the damage done by brain tumors is due to their size. Because the skull is bone, it cannot expand to make room for even a small mass growing within it. As a result, the tumor presses on and displaces normal brain tissue. This pressure may damage or destroy delicate brain tissue. This pressure causes many of the symptoms of a brain tumor. Sometimes, a tumor may cause blockage of fluid that flows around and through the brain. This blockage can also create increased pressure. Some brain tumors a.lso cause swelling due to accumulation of fluid (edema). Size, pressure, and swelling all create this “mass effect.” Medical tourism is achieving a great height just because of those people who are coming here to get the brain tumor surgery in India at a fraction of cost. And they are enjoying the facilities too provided by Indian health care facilities.
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What are the symptoms of Brain Tumors?
Indian hospitals are providing comprehensive medical and surgical care for patients with disorders of the brain, brain tumor surgery is routinely carried out with results at par with the best centers globally. Brain tumors are often difficult to diagnose because their symptoms, which serve as clues for the medical specialist, can be hard to pin down. In general, the symptoms depend on the size of the tumor and the part of the brain affected. But as a tumor grows, it can affect other parts of the brain, producing new symptoms. The tumor may grow into other areas of the brain, or the “mass effect” may cause the additional symptoms. Additionally, the symptoms produced by a brain tumor often mimic the symptoms of other diseases–and vice versa. Because symptoms may appear gradually, and because they are often not clear-cut, it may be a long time between the beginning of symptoms and the actual diagnosis. As we all know that India is now becoming a medical hub and a growing destination for brain tumor surgery. Hospitals of brain tumor surgery India at Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai provides international quality of medical healthcare services by the best brain surgeons in India who are equipped with the most advanced medical treatment and brain tumor healing techniques.
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Symptoms of Brain Tumor
- Headaches
- Nausea and/or vomiting
- Difficulty speaking or remembering words
- Disturbed vision, hearing, smell or taste
- General irritability or a change in personality – this is sometimes noticed only by family or friends
- Drowsiness
How are Brain tumors diagnosed?
Brain tumors are diagnosed using sophisticated computer technology that images the brain in various ways. Computerized tomography uses a computer and X-rays to make a picture of the brain. Magnetic resonance imaging or spectroscopy create a brain image using magnetic fields and radiowaves. Other imaging techniques that may be used to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of a tumor include digital subtraction angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, positron emission tomography, and single photon electron computerized tomography. In addition to their usefulness at the time of initial diagnosis, these technologies may also allow early detection of a brain tumor recurrence, which facilitates earlier treatment. Most patients with a brain tumor undergo a biopsy, the surgical removal of a tissue sample from the tumor, either alone or as part of the surgical removal of a tumor. A neuropathologist examines the sample under a microscope to confirm the diagnosis, classify the tumor more specifically by the type of cells it contains, determine how abnormal the tumor cells are (histologic grade) and determine how quickly it is growing. Subtle but critical differences in cells that the pathologist detects under the microscope are critical in making the correct diagnosis, which is used in determining further testing and appropriate treatment for each patient.
How is Brain Tumor Diagnosed?
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan.MRI is a technique that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the brain. Sometimes a special dye is injected into the bloodstream to make tumors appear different from healthy tissue (MR angiography).
- Computerized tomographies (CT) scan.A CT scan uses a sophisticated X-ray machine linked to a computer to produce detailed, two-dimensional images of the brain. A CT scan can be very helpful in certain types of tumors, especially ones close to or involving bone.
- Other brain scans.Other tests – such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET) scanning – help doctors gauge brain tumor activity and blood flow.
- A special dye is injected into the arteries that feed the brain, making the blood vessels visible on X-ray. This test helps locate blood vessels in and around a brain tumor.
- Biopsy – A biopsy involves removing a piece of the tumor for viewing under a microscope. Oncologist needs to know the tumor type and grade to plan proper treatment.
Types of Brain Tumors
Meningioma
A meningioma is a slow-growing tumor that develops from the membrane that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. These tumors are usually benign but some may be malignant. However even “benign” tumors can grow and constrict and affect the brain, which may cause disability and may even be life threatening. Because meningiomas grow slowly, it may reach a relatively large size before it causes symptoms. Other meningiomas grow rapidly or have sudden growth spurts. Standard treatment is to remove the tumor, the portion of the lining of the brain or spinal cord where it is attached and any bone involved. Complete removal of the tumor is sometimes possible.
Pituitary Tumor
A pituitary tumor is an abnormal growth in the pituitary gland, the part of the brain that regulates the body’s balance of hormones. The most common treatment for pituitary tumors is surgery. The decision to pursue surgical treatment depends on the type, location and size of tumor, and the patient’s age and overall health. Most of the time, pituitary tumors can be removed through the nose and sinuses without an exernal incision. However, some tumors cannot be removed this way and will require removal through the skull with an incision in the scalp. Astrocytoma Tumors Astrocytoma tumors are the most common glioma, accounting for about half of all primary brain and spinal cord tumors.
What are the advances in radiation therapy of Brain Tumours?
- 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy (3D-CRT) and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT): CT scan and MRI are used to delineate the tumour and computers are used for radiation planning. Only the tumour and the high-risk region surrounding the tumour is radiated, avoiding radiation to the normal structures in the brain.
- Stereotactic Radio-surgery (SRS) and Stereotactic Radiotherapy (SRT):Highly precise immobilization and image guidance system is used for treatment of selected brain tumours . Stereotactic radio-surgery delivering high-dose of radiation in single or a very few sessions is performed in adults with tumours such as metastatic residual glioma, meningioma and schwannoma. Novalis-Tx and Cyberknife are advanced machines to deliver such high-precision therapy.
- High-definition Rapid Arc:This is the latest software advancement in radiation planning technology. Radiation is delivered in continuous fashion moving the machine head and its small components simultaneously around the patient’s head targeting the tumour by infinite small radiation beams.
- Proton beam therapy:Proton therapy avoids spillage of radiation dose to the surrounding brain. It is preferred in children as well as in patients with recurrent tumours who have received radiation therapy earlier.
Most Advanced Technology for Brain Tumour Treatment in India
- MRI Guided Brain Tumor Surgery – Advanced imaging technique now developed to enable Neurosurgeons with intra-operative MRI to aid in the removal of complex and hard-to-access brain tumors during surgery.
- Gamma Knife Radio Surgery in India –Gamma knife radio surgery is a non-invasive procedure to treat benign and malignant brain tumors.
Finalize Brain Tumor surgery in India under Best Oncologists
Cancer experts provide finest Brain tumor surgery in India using techniques that optimize outcome, reduce recovery time and minimize the cost of surgery. Cancer hospitals in India specialize in management of brain cancer and there is a specialized surgical team that focuses on the supervision of successful brain cancer surgery. Hospitals providing Brain tumor surgery in India are world renowned for it quality treatment and advanced technology and it is popularly known for its care and treatment. With the use of advanced medical technology and newly invented techniques the recovery time after surgery is shortened and within very short period time frame patients becomes fit and return back to work.
Brain Tumor surgery in India
The most common treatment for brain tumors. Surgery to open the skull is called a Craniotomy, and this type of surgery is performed under general anesthesia. Before brain cancer surgery begins, the scalp will need to be shaved. The surgeon will then make an incision in the scalp and use a special type of saw to remove a piece of bone from the skull. After removing part or the entire tumor, the surgeon will cover the opening in the skull with that piece of bone or with a piece of metal or fabric. The surgeon will then close the incision in the scalp. In some cases, Brain tumor surgery in India is not possible, if the tumor is in the brain stem, for example, the surgeon may not be able to remove the tumor without damaging normal brain tissue. Patients who cannot have brain cancer surgery may receive radiation or other brain cancer treatment. Rehabilitation can be a very important part of the treatment plan. The goals of rehabilitation depend on the person’s needs and how the tumor has affected daily activities. The health care team makes every effort to help the patient return to normal activities as soon as possible Brain tumor surgery in India is provided at internationally recognized hospitals using most advanced medical technology and superior service. India is the largest medical tourism hub and quality of care and easy travel makes it a popular overseas health care destination for people who are seeking comprehensive cancer surgery abroad. Medical tourism in India works in collaboration with the best internationally renowned hospitals to make your treatment in India a successful and hassle free process.
