সংজ্ঞা

A nephrostomy is a procedure in which a tube called a catheter is placed into the kidney. The catheter is guided into the kidney by a computed tomography (CT) scanor ultrasound.

পদ্ধতির কারণ

A nephrostomy is done to drain urine from your kidney. This needs to be done when urine cannot come out as it normally does. Specific conditions that may cause this include:

  • Damage to the bladder
  • Blockage in the ureter, which is the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder, due to:
    • সংক্রমণ
    • টিউমার
    • Kidney stone
    • ক্ষত কোষ
    • A condition that is present at birth

Nephrostomy

A nephroscopy through a nephrostomy may also be used to look at the kidneys and ureters before other procedures are done, such as kidney stone removal. This may also help your doctor make a diagnosis.

সম্ভাব্য জটিলতা

Complications are rare. But, no procedure is free of risk. If you are planning to have a nephrostomy, your doctor will review a list of possible complications, which may include:

  • রক্তপাত
  • সংক্রমণ
  • Damage to nearby organs and tissue
  • Kidney function loss
  • রক্ত জমাট
  • Reaction to the anesthesia such as lightheadedness, low blood pressure, and wheezing
  • ব্যাথা

জটিলতার ঝুঁকি বাড়াতে পারে এমন কারণগুলির মধ্যে রয়েছে:

  • ধূমপান
  • যকৃতের অকার্যকারিতা
  • গর্ভাবস্থা
  • রক্ত পাতলাকারীর ব্যবহার
  • Long-term illness

কি আশা করছ

পদ্ধতির আগে

  • At the appointment before the test:
    • Your doctor may do tests like a CT scan or ultrasound. You may also have blood and urine tests.
    • Questions your doctor may ask include: Are you pregnant? Do you have any allergies to contrast dye?
    • Questions you should ask your doctor include: How long will the catheter need to stay in place? What signs should I look for in case there is a problem with the catheter?
  • Arrange for a ride home from the hospital.
  • Do not eat or drink for eight hours before your procedure. If you are taking medicines, ask your doctor if you should take them the morning of your procedure with a sip of water.
  • Talk to your doctor about your medicines. You may be asked to stop taking some medicines up to one week before the procedure like:
    • প্রদাহ বিরোধী ওষুধ
    • রক্ত পাতলা করে

এনেস্থেশিয়া

You will receive a local anesthetic to numb the skin on your lower back. An IV will be placed. You will receive a sedative, pain medicine, and antibiotics through this IV.

পদ্ধতির বর্ণনা

A nephrostomy is usually done in an outpatient setting. You will not need to stay in the hospital overnight. Ultrasound or x-ray images will be used to locate your kidney and guide the doctor. A needle will be inserted through your skin and into your kidney. A contrast material will be injected through the needle to better view the kidney on the x-ray. The catheter will then be placed into your kidney. The catheter will come out of your skin and be attached to a collection bag. A dressing will be placed at the insertion site. Urine will drain from your kidney into the collection bag.

অবিলম্বে প্রক্রিয়া পরে

After the procedure, you will be monitored for 8-12 hours to make sure the catheter is draining urine. The urine may appear bloody at first. But, it will clear over time.

এতে কতক্ষণ সময় লাগবে?

15-30 minutes

এটা কতটা আঘাত করবে?

You may feel soreness at the insertion site for several days after your nephrostomy. Your doctor will give you medicine to help with the pain.

পোস্ট-প্রক্রিয়া যত্ন

কেয়ার সেন্টারে

After the procedure, the staff may give you the following care to make you more comfortable and to help you recover:

  • Your collection bag will be checked to make sure the catheter is draining your kidney well.
  • You will be shown how to care for your catheter. You will be sent home with extra collection bags and dressing supplies.

You will be able to leave when your catheter is working and you are comfortable caring for it.

ঘরে

আপনি যখন বাড়িতে ফিরে আসবেন, একটি মসৃণ পুনরুদ্ধার নিশ্চিত করতে নিম্নলিখিতগুলি করুন:

  • Ask someone to stay with you for the first 24 hours after the procedure.
  • কখন গোসল করা, গোসল করা বা জলে ভিজানো নিরাপদ সে সম্পর্কে আপনার ডাক্তারকে জিজ্ঞাসা করুন।
  • Keep the insertion site and dressing dry. Protect it from getting wet when showering. You can use plastic wrap to cover it.
  • Do not let the collection bag get too full before emptying it.
  • Change your dressing every 2-3 days. If your dressing gets wet, loose, or dirty, change it. Always wash your hands before changing your dressing.
  • আপনার ডাক্তারের নির্দেশাবলী অনুসরণ করতে ভুলবেন না।

আপনার ডাক্তারকে কল করুন

বাড়িতে পৌঁছানোর পরে, নিম্নলিখিতগুলির মধ্যে যে কোনও একটি ঘটলে আপনার ডাক্তারের সাথে যোগাযোগ করুন:

  • Catheter problems:
    • Urine no longer drains
    • Catheter is bent or twisted
    • Leakage occurs around the catheter
  • জ্বর বা ঠান্ডা লাগা সহ সংক্রমণের লক্ষণ
  • Urine becomes cloudy, bloody, or smells bad
  • Sudden pain
  • Redness, swelling, increasing pain, a lot of bleeding, or any discharge from the incision site
  • ব্যথা যা আপনি ওষুধ দিয়ে নিয়ন্ত্রণ করতে পারবেন না

জরুরী পরিস্থিতিতে, অবিলম্বে চিকিৎসা সহায়তার জন্য কল করুন।

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