সংজ্ঞা
A colonoscopy is an exam of the large intestine, also known as the colon. The exam is done with a tool called a colonoscope. The colonoscope is a flexible tube with a tiny camera on the end. This tool allows the doctor to view the inside of your colon.
পদ্ধতির কারণ
A colonoscopy is used to examine, diagnose, and treat problems in your colon. The procedure is most often done to:
- Determine the cause of abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, or a change in bowel habits
- Detect and treat colon cancer or colon polyps
- Take tissue samples for testing
- Stop intestinal bleeding
- Monitor response to treatment if you have inflammatory bowel disease
সম্ভাব্য জটিলতা
Complications are rare, but no procedure is completely free of risk. If you are planning to have a colonoscopy, your doctor will review a list of possible complications, which may include:
- রক্তপাত
- Puncture of the bowel
জটিলতার ঝুঁকি বাড়াতে পারে এমন কারণগুলির মধ্যে রয়েছে:
- ধূমপান
- Pre-existing heart or kidney condition
- Treatment with certain medicines, including aspirin and other drugs with blood-thinning properties
- Prior abdominal surgery or radiation treatments
- Active colitis, diverticulitis, or other acute bowel disease
- Previous treatment with radiation therapy
পদ্ধতির আগে আপনার ডাক্তারের সাথে এই ঝুঁকিগুলি নিয়ে আলোচনা করতে ভুলবেন না।
কি আশা করছ
পদ্ধতির আগে
আপনার ডাক্তার সম্ভবত নিম্নলিখিতগুলি করবেন:
- একটি শারীরিক পরীক্ষা সঞ্চালন
- Review your health history
- Review any medication you are taking
- Test your stool for blood
আপনার ওষুধ সম্পর্কে আপনার ডাক্তারের সঙ্গে কথা বলুন। পদ্ধতির এক সপ্তাহ আগে আপনাকে কিছু ওষুধ খাওয়া বন্ধ করতে বলা হতে পারে, যেমন:
- প্রদাহ বিরোধী ওষুধ
- Blood thinners like clopidogrel or warfarin
- Iron supplements or vitamins containing iron
On the day of the procedure:
- Wear comfortable clothing.
- Arrange for a ride home after the procedure.
Emptying the Colon
Your colon must be completely clean before the procedure. Any stool left in the colon will block the view. This preparation may start several days before the procedure. Follow your doctor’s instructions, which may include any of the following cleansing methods:
- Enemas—fluid introduced into the rectum to stimulate a bowel movement
- Laxatives—medicines that cause you to have soft bowel movements
- Oral cathartic medicines—a large container of fluid to drink that stimulates a bowel movement
For the entire day before your procedure:
- Do not eat any solid foods. This includes milk or cream in your coffee.
- Drink only clear liquids such as water, coffee without cream, ginger ale, apple juice, Gatorade (do not drink red Gatorade)
- You can also have Jello or popsicles as long as they are not red
- Do not drink alcohol
- If you have diabetes, ask your doctor if you need to adjust your insulin dose
এনেস্থেশিয়া
Your doctor may give you medication to help you relax.
পদ্ধতির বর্ণনা
You will lie on your left side. Your knees will be drawn up toward your chest. The colonoscope will be slowly inserted through the rectum. The colonoscope will inject air into the colon. The doctor will be able to see the lining of the colon with a small video camera on the colonoscope. The colonoscope will be gently passed through the colon to view the entire area.
A tissue sample or polyps may be removed during the procedure. This is done with small tools passed through the colonoscope.
এতে কতক্ষণ সময় লাগবে?
Less than one hour
এটা আঘাত করবে?
Most people report some discomfort when the instrument is inserted. You may feel cramping, muscle spasms, or lower abdominal pain during the procedure. You may also feel the urge to move your bowels. Tell the doctor if you feel any severe pain.
After the procedure, gas pains and cramping are common. These pains should go away with the passing of gas.
পোস্ট-প্রক্রিয়া যত্ন
If any tissue was removed:
- It will be sent to a lab to be examined. It may take 1-2 weeks for results. The doctor can usually give an initial report after the scope is removed. Other tests may be advised.
- A small amount of bleeding may occur during the first few days after the procedure.
Be sure to follow your doctor’s instructions when you return home. Some general recommendations include:
- Resume medicines as advised by your doctor.
- Resume normal diet, unless directed otherwise by your doctor.
- The sedative will make you drowsy. Avoid driving, operating machinery, or making important decisions for the rest of the day.
- Rest for the remainder of the day.
আপনার ডাক্তারকে কল করুন
After arriving home, contact your doctor if any of the following occur:
- Bleeding from your rectum—Notify your doctor if you pass a teaspoonful of blood or more.
- Black, tarry stools
- সাংঘাতিক পেটে ব্যথা
- Hard, swollen abdomen
- জ্বর বা ঠান্ডা লাগা সহ সংক্রমণের লক্ষণ
- Inability to pass gas or stool
- Coughing, shortness of breath, chest pain, severe nausea or vomiting
জরুরী পরিস্থিতিতে, অবিলম্বে চিকিৎসা সহায়তার জন্য কল করুন।