تعريف
Sperm passes from the testes to the penis in tubes called the vas deferens. A vasectomy is a surgery that blocks these tubes. This makes a man unable to make a woman pregnant.
أسباب هذا الإجراء
The surgery is done to make you sterile. This means that you are unable to cause a pregnancy.
A vasectomy is done as permanent birth control. This option is for men who are sure they will not want to father a child in the future. There is a surgery to reverse a vasectomy. However, the reverse is not always successful.
المضاعفات المحتملة
If you are planning to have a vasectomy, your سيقوم الطبيب بمراجعة القائمة of possible complications with you, which may include:
- العدوى
- تورم
- كدمات
- نزيف
- Chronic pain in and around the testes
- Sperm granuloma (lumps due to الجهاز المناعي response to sperm leaking from the reproductive organs)
- Ability to still make a woman pregnant
تشمل العوامل التي قد تزيد من خطر حدوث مضاعفات ما يلي:
- التدخين
- Local infections
- اضطرابات النزيف
- Prior surgery in that area
ما يمكن توقعه
قبل الإجراء
قد يقوم طبيبك بما يلي:
- اختبار بدني
- Medical history
- استعراض الأدوية
- Discuss the effects of this procedure
Talk to your doctor about your medicines. You may be asked to stop taking some medicines up to one week before the procedure. These include:
- الأسبرين أو غيره من العقاقير المضادة للالتهابات
- سيولة الدم, مثل كلوبيدوجريل (بلافيكس) أو الوارفارين (الكومادين)
في الأيام التي تسبق الإجراء الخاص بك:
- للترتيب من الإجراء.
- Wear comfortable clothing.
- Take any medicine as ordered by your doctor. A mild sedative before the procedure may be recommended.
- Shower before leaving home.
- You may be asked to clip your scrotal hair.
التخدير
Local anesthesia will be used. It will numb the area. You may also be given medication to help you relax.
وصف الإجراء
There are three techniques for a vasectomy:
- Conventional approach—One small cut will be made in the skin on each side of the scrotum. The vas deferens will be pulled through the openings. The tubes will then be cut. A small piece of the tubes may also be removed. The ends of the tube will be sealed off with stitches, clips, or an electrical pulse. The vas deferens will then be placed back into the scrotum. The incision will be closed with stitches.
- No-scalpel vasectomy—The doctor will locate the vas deferens under the scrotal skin. A clamp will be attached to hold it in place. A special tool will be used to punch a small hole in the skin. The hole will be stretched open to pull the vas deferens through. The tubes will then be cut and sealed as above. The holes will heal without stitches.
- Vas clip vasectomy—The vas deferens will be exposed in either of the two manners above. Special clips will be placed around each vas deferens and cinched in place. The clips will block the flow of sperm beyond the position of the clip.
كم من الوقت سيستغرق ؟
Conventional vasectomies take about 30 minutes. No-scalpel procedures take about 20 minutes.
هل ستسبب الالم؟
Anesthesia prevents pain during the procedure. You can expect some soreness for a few days. Take pain medicines as directed by your doctor.
رعاية ما بعد العملية
When you return home, do the following to help ensure a smooth recovery:
- Apply ice packs, covered with a towel, on and off during the first eight hours.
- اسأل طبيبك حول, عندما هي آمنة للاستحمام, السباحة, أو نقع في الماء.
- Wear an athletic supporter if recommended by your doctor.
- إبقاء المنطقة نظيفة وجافة.
- Cover the incisions with clean gauze for three days, or as directed by your doctor.
- A small amount of blood on the gauze pads is normal. Tell your doctor if you have excessive bleeding or need to change the gauze pads more than 2-3 times daily.
- Your doctor may give you antibiotics for several days following the procedure. Take all medicines as instructed.
- Do not lift heavy objects or participate in sports for 2-3 weeks.
- تأكد من اتباع تعليمات طبيبك.
Most men feel fine to go back to work in a few days. They may also feel ready for sexual activity in about a week. Ejaculation may cause some discomfort in the groin and testicles until the tissues heal.
A vasectomy may not make you sterile right away. Tests will be done to look for any sperm in the semen. The tests may be done at your doctor’s office or with a home test kit. These tests are done to make sure that the procedure was effective.
You will need to use another form of birth control until the tests show there is no sperm in your semen.
Although a vasectomy is very effective, it is not a 100% guarantee that you will never be able to make a woman pregnant.
استدعاء الطبيب
بعد وصوله الى المنزل ، اتصل بطبيبك إذا كان أي من الحالات التالية:
- علامات الإصابة, بما في ذلك حمى وقشعريرة
- احمرار أو تورم أو ألم متزايد أو نزيف مفرط أو إفرازات من موقع الشق
- Difficulty urinating
- ألم لا يمكنك السيطرة عليه بالأدوية التي أعطيت لك
في حالة الطوارئ ، اتصل على المساعدة الطبية على الفور.