تعريف

A doctor guides small robotic arms through several tiny keyhole incisions. This allows for greater range of movement than a doctor’s hand.

أسباب هذا الإجراء

Robot-assisted surgery is considered for procedures that:

Performing surgery in this way may result in:

  • Less scarring
  • Reduced recovery times
  • Less risk of infection
  • Less blood loss
  • Reduced trauma to the body
  • Shorter hospital stay
  • Faster recovery

كثير أنواع الجراحة, including pediatric surgery, can now be done with the assistance of a robot, including:

  • General:
    • Adrenalectomy (removal of adrenal gland)
    • Cholecystectomy (removal of the gallbladder)
    • Gastric bypass (procedure to treat obesity and reduce the size of the stomach)
    • Heller myotomy (procedure on the lower esophageal sphincter)
    • Nissen fundoplication (treatment for severe heartburn)
    • Radical prostatectomy (removal of the prostate)
    • Colorectal surgery (surgery of the colon)
    • Appendectomy (removal of the appendix)
    • Nephrectomy (removal of the kidney)
    • Hernia repair
  • Chest:
    • Esophagectomy (removal of the esophagus)
    • Thymectomy (removal of the thymus gland)
    • Mediastinal tumor resection (removal of tumors in the chest cavity)
    • Lobectomy (surgical removal of a lung)
  • Heart:
  • Gynecologic:
    • Hysterectomy (removal of the uterus)
    • Myomectomy (removal of uterine fibroids)

المضاعفات المحتملة

Complications are rare, but no procedure is completely free of risk. If you are planning to have robot-assisted surgery, your سيقوم الطبيب بمراجعة القائمة من المضاعفات المحتملة، والتي قد تشمل:

  • Damage to neighboring organs or structures
  • العدوى
  • نزيف
  • المشاكل المتعلقة بالتخدير
  • The need to switch to traditional surgical methods (eg, traditional laparoscopic or open surgery)

بعض العوامل التي قد تزيد من خطر المضاعفات تشمل:

  • Pre-existing heart or lung condition
  • سن متقدم
  • مرض السكري
  • السمنة
  • التدخين
  • الإفراط في تناول الكحول
  • Use of certain medicines

ما يمكن توقعه

قبل الإجراء

Depending on the reason for your surgery, your doctor may do the following:

  • اختبار بدني
  • تحاليل الدم
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG, EKG) —a test that records the electrical currents passing through the heart muscle
  • الأشعة السينية الصدر
  • Ultrasound —a test that uses sound waves to visualize the inside of the body
  • CT scan —a type of x-ray that uses a computer to create images of the inside of the body
  • MRI scan —a test that uses magnetic fields and radiowaves to create images of the inside of the body

قبل الجراحة:

  • التحدث مع طبيبك عن الأدوية الخاصة بك. قد يطلب منك التوقف عن تناول بعض الأدوية تصل إلى أسبوع واحد قبل العملية مثل:
    • الأدوية المضادة للالتهابات (مثل الأسبرين)
    • سيولة الدم, مثل كلوبيدوجريل (بلافيكس) أو الوارفارين (الكومادين)
  • Take antibiotics if instructed.
  • Follow a special diet if instructed.
  • Shower the night before using antibacterial soap if instructed.
  • Arrange for someone to drive you home from the hospital. Also, have someone to help you at home.
  • تناول وجبة خفيفة في الليلة السابقة. لا تأكل أو تشرب أي شيء بعد منتصف الليل.

التخدير

Depending on the type of procedure that you have, you may be given:

  • General anesthesia —blocks pain and keeps you asleep through the surgery.
  • Local anesthesia—just the area that is being operated on is numbed; given as an injection and may also be given with a sedative

وصف الإجراء

Robot Assisted SurgeryOverview

The doctor will cut several small keyhole openings in the skin near where the surgery will take place. In most cases, a needle will be used to inject carbon dioxide gas into the surgical area. This gas will make it easier for the doctor to see internal structures. Next, the doctor will pass a small camera, called an endoscope, through one of the incisions. The camera will light, magnify, and project an image of the organs onto a video screen. Then robotic arms holding instruments for grasping, cutting, dissecting, and suturing will be inserted through the holes.

While sitting at a console near the operating table, the doctor will look through lenses at a magnified 3D image of the inside of the body. Another doctor will stay by the table to adjust the camera and tools. With joystick-like controls and foot pedals, the doctor will guide the robotic arms and tools. Lastly, the tools will be removed, and stitches or staples will be used to close the area.

كم من الوقت سيستغرق ؟

Usually 1-2 hours or less

كم هو مؤلم ؟

You will have pain and discomfort during recovery. Your doctor will give you pain medicine. You may also feel bloated or have pain in your shoulder from the gas used during the procedure. This can last up to three days.

متوسط ​​الإقامة في المستشفى

This procedure is done in a hospital setting. The usual length of stay is a few days. Your doctor may choose to keep you longer if you have any problems.

رعاية ما بعد العملية

While you are recovering at the hospital, you will:

  • Be encouraged to walk (with help) soon after surgery
  • Receive guidelines on what you should eat and what activities you can do—Depending on your procedure, you should be able to go back to your normal activities in a few weeks.

After you return home, be sure to follow your doctor’s instructions. Ask your doctor about when it is safe to shower, bathe, or soak in water.

استدعاء الطبيب

بعد مغادرة المستشفى، اتصل بطبيبك في حالة حدوث أي مما يلي:

  • علامات الإصابة, بما في ذلك حمى وقشعريرة
  • Redness, swelling, increasing pain, excessive bleeding, or discharge from an incision site
  • سعال ، ضيق تنفس ، ألم في الصدر ، غثيان أو قيء شديد
  • ألم أو حرقة أو إلحاح أو كثرة التبول أو نزيف مستمر في البول
  • ألم و / أو تورم في قدميك أو ربلتيك أو ساقيك ، أو ضيق مفاجئ في التنفس أو ألم في الصدر
  • إمساك أو إسهال
  • Other worrisome symptoms

في حالة الطوارئ ، اتصل على المساعدة الطبية على الفور.

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