تعريف

Breast reduction is a common surgical procedure. It is done to decrease the size of one or both breasts. While more common in women, this procedure can also be done in men.

أسباب هذا الإجراء

  • Overly large breasts, resulting in any of the following symptoms:
    • Poor self-body image
    • Back, neck, or shoulder pain
    • Posture problems
    • Grooving and/or abrasions from bra straps
    • Rash under the lower portion of the breasts
  • Large breasts—due to genetics or following pregnancy
  • Breast asymmetry—may be due to previous جراحة to one breast (egmastectomy or lumpectomy)
  • Large male breasts, known as gynecomastia—can be related to hormonal changes, medicines, or other health conditions

After the surgery, your breasts will be smaller and more symmetrical in appearance. They should reflect the size, shape, and symmetry you desired.

تصغير الثدي

المضاعفات المحتملة

Complications are rare, but no procedure is completely free of risk. If you are planning to have a breast reduction, your سيقوم الطبيب بمراجعة القائمة من المضاعفات المحتملة، والتي قد تشمل:

  • العدوى
  • نزيف وكدمات
  • Possible loss of sensation to the breast, nipple, and/or areola
  • Possible loss of ability to breast feed
  • Asymmetry between breasts
  • Limited arm and/or shoulder movement
  • Delayed wound healing
  • تندب
  • Fluid or blood-filled cysts in the healing breast tissue
  • Loss of nipple, areola, skin, or breast tissue due to change in blood supply

بعض العوامل التي قد تزيد من خطر المضاعفات تشمل:

  • السمنة
  • Smoking, alcohol abuse, or drug use
  • مرض السكري
  • Prior radiation to the breast area
  • سوء التغذية

ما يمكن توقعه

قبل الإجراء

You may be asked to look through an album of breast sizes and shapes. This will help the doctor understand the outcome you desire.

طبيبك سوف المرجح أن تفعل ما يلي:

  • Physical exam, including a breast exam
  • تحاليل الدم
  • الماموجرام
  • Take photos for comparison after surgery

في الأيام التي تسبق الإجراء الخاص بك:

  • Arrange for a ride to and from the procedure. Also arrange for help at home after the procedure.
  • في الليلة السابقة ، تناول وجبة خفيفة. لا تأكل أو تشرب أي شيء بعد منتصف الليل.
  • You may be asked to shower before your procedure. You may be given special antibacterial soap to use.

تحدث إلى طبيبك حول الأدوية الخاصة بك. قد يُطلب منك التوقف عن تناول بعض الأدوية أو المكملات العشبية لمدة تصل إلى أسبوع قبل الإجراء ، مثل:

  • الأدوية المضادة للالتهابات
  • مميعات الدم
  • Gingko biloba or other supplements

التخدير

قد تحصل على:

  • General anesthesia—You will be asleep.
  • Local anesthesia—The area will be numbed.

وصف الإجراء

The doctor will cut around the nipple and areola. Skin, fat, and breast tissue will be removed in a specific pattern. Depending on how much breast tissue is removed, the doctor may need to reposition the nipple and areola higher up on the breast tissue.Liposuction, a vacuum procedure used to remove excess fat, may also be used. The amount of scarring will depend on the amount that the breast is reduced and the amount of repositioning needed to the nipple and areola. The scarring can occur around the areola, around the areola and down to the breast crease, or around the areola, down to the breast crease, and along the breast crease.

Depending on the extent of operating required, the doctor may place a small flexible tube in one or both breasts to drain any fluid from the early phases of healing. These drains may need to stay in place for several days. They can be removed in the doctor’s office. You will not need a second عملية جراحية لإزالة them.

The cuts in the breast skin will be closed with tiny stitches.

مباشرة بعد الإجراء

You will be tightly bandaged around your chest, or you will have a special surgical bra. These will provide pressure and support.

كم من الوقت سيستغرق ؟

2-4 hours

كم هو مؤلم ؟

Anesthesia prevents pain during the surgery. You will have tenderness, swelling, and bruising of the breasts for several weeks after surgery. The pain can be controlled with pain medicines.

متوسط ​​الإقامة في المستشفى

The hospital stay may be up to four days. It may be possible to leave the hospital or surgery center on the same day of the procedure. Speak to your doctor to see if this is an option in your case.

رعاية ما بعد العملية

  • Wear a special surgical bra that applies pressure. This will properly shape your breast(s) after the operation.
  • If drains have been placed in either breast, they will be removed 2-4 days after surgery.
  • Stitches are usually removed about 7-10 days after surgery.
  • Absorbable sutures may also be used by your doctor; they do not need to be removed.
  • Your doctor may advise you to avoid heavy lifting, straining, or difficult exercise for the first week or two after surgery.
  • اسأل طبيبك حول, عندما هي آمنة للاستحمام, السباحة, أو نقع في الماء.
  • تأكد من اتباع تعليمات طبيبك.

استدعاء الطبيب

بعد مغادرة المستشفى ، اتصل بطبيبك في حالة حدوث أي مما يلي:

  • علامات الإصابة, بما في ذلك حمى وقشعريرة
  • احمرار أو تورم أو ألم متزايد أو نزيف شديد أو أي إفرازات من موقع الشق
  • Nausea and/or vomiting that you cannot control with the medicines you were given after surgery, or which last for more than two days after you leave the hospital
  • ألم لا يمكنك السيطرة عليه بالأدوية التي أعطيت لك
  • سعال أو ضيق في التنفس أو ألم في الصدر
  • Pain or swelling in your calves, legs, or feet
  • You have concerns about the size and/or shape of your breasts
  • تجمع السوائل أو الدم في أي من الثديين
  • Any pain or stiffness when moving your arm

في حالة الطوارئ ، اتصل على المساعدة الطبية على الفور.

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