تعريف
A bone marrow biopsy is the removal of a sample of bone marrow. The sample is sent for testing. The procedure is most often done on the pelvic bone. It may also be done on the sternum.
أسباب هذا الإجراء
A bone marrow biopsy may be done to:
- Evaluate a low red blood cell count (anemia), low white blood cell count (leucopenia), or low platelet count (thrombocytopenia)
- Diagnose and stage lymphoma (tumors of the lymphoid tissues) or solid tumors
- Diagnose, monitor, and evaluate leukemias
- Evaluate iron level problems
- Research unexplained spleen enlargement (splenomegaly)
- Evaluate other blood disorders
المضاعفات المحتملة
Complications are rare, but no procedure is completely free of risk. If you are planning to have this procedure, your سيقوم الطبيب بمراجعة القائمة of possible complications which may include:
- العدوى
- نزيف
Some risk factors for complications during this procedure include:
- اضطرابات النزيف
- Infection of the skin at the biopsy site
- Infection in the bloodstream
- Prior radiation treatment to the biopsy site
- Severe osteoporosis
ما يمكن توقعه
قبل الإجراء
Your doctor may do a physical exam and blood tests.
التحدث مع طبيبك عن الأدوية الخاصة بك. قد يطلب منك التوقف عن تناول بعض الأدوية تصل إلى أسبوع واحد قبل العملية مثل:
- الأدوية المضادة للالتهابات
- مميعات الدم
التخدير
Local anesthesia will be used. It will numb the area.
الوصف الداخلي
You may be given a light sedative. It will help you relax. The biopsy area will be cleaned and numbed.
A hollow biopsy needle will be inserted into the bone. The needle will be twisted and moved forward. This motion will allow a sample of bone marrow to enter the core of the needle. A fair amount or pressure may be used. The needle may need to be rocked. The needle will then be removed. The bone marrow sample will be inside the needle. Pressure will be applied to the puncture area. A bandage will be applied.
مباشرة بعد الإجراء
The bone marrow specimen will be examined by a pathologist. Ask your doctor when you can expect the results.
كم من الوقت سيستغرق ؟
About 30 minutes.
هل ستسبب الالم؟
The injection of anesthesia may sting or burn. You may notice a feeling of pressure and pain when the biopsy needle is rocked. After the biopsy is done, you may feel soreness in the area for a few hours.
رعاية ما بعد العملية
في البيت
You should be able to resume your normal activities after your biopsy. If you have had a sedative, avoid driving or operating equipment until the effects of the medicine have worn off.
Follow all of your doctor’s instructions.
استدعاء الطبيب
After you are home, contact your doctor if any of the following occur:
- علامات الإصابة, بما في ذلك حمى وقشعريرة
- Redness, swelling, increasing pain, excessive bleeding, or any discharge from the biopsy site
- الغثيان و/أو القيء
- سعال أو ضيق في التنفس أو ألم في الصدر
- آلام المفاصل ، والتعب ، والتصلب ، والطفح الجلدي ، أو غيرها من الأعراض الجديدة
في حالة الطوارئ ، اتصل على المساعدة الطبية على الفور.