تعريف

Dementia is the progressive loss of memory and various other mental functions, including the ability to learn, reason, and judge. Lewy body disease is associated with the build up of Lewy bodies in regions of the brain. These are abnormal protein deposits inside cells that control certain aspects of memory and motor control.

مرض جسم ليوي

أسباب

It is not clear exactly what causes the build up of Lewy bodies in the brain. But the disease is linked to:

  • مرض الشلل الرعاش
  • Multiple system atrophy
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • Other disorders

عوامل الخطر

Factors that can increase your chance of developing Lewy body disease include:

  • الجنس : ذكر
  • Age: 53-83 years
  • Family history of Lewy body disease, Parkinson’s disease, or other dementias

الأعراض

Lewy body disease is characterized by:

  • Fluctuations in alertness and attention—frequent drowsiness, lethargy, staring into space, disorganized speech, and insomnia
  • Recurrent visual hallucinations
  • Poor regulation of body temperature and blood pressure
  • Obsessive compulsive behaviors
  • Forgetfulness
  • Parkinsonian motor symptoms—rigidity, loss of spontaneous movement
  • REM behavior disorder

التشخيص

The only way to diagnose Lewy body disease is through an autopsy. A doctor can do tests to narrow the cause of dementia. You will be asked about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. Other tests may include:

  • Memory, language, and other tests
  • الاختبارات النفسية العصبية
  • Patient and family interviews
  • قد تحتاج إلى التقاط صور لهياكلك الجسدية. يمكن القيام بذلك من خلال:
    • الاشعة المقطعية
    • تصوير الرنين المغناطيسي
    • SPECT scan
  • You may need to have your bodily fluid tested. This can be done with blood tests.

العلاج

While there is no cure for Lewy body disease, there are treatments that can control the symptoms. Talk with your doctor about the best treatment plan for you. Treatment options include:

الأدوية

These medicines may be used to help with the symptoms:

  • Donepezil and rivastigmine—to help with cognition; may worsen motor symptoms
  • Memantine—to improve behavioral symptoms
  • Levodopa—to help control rigidity and loss of spontaneous movement
  • مضادات الاكتئاب
  • Anticonvulsants

If you have Lewy body disease, you may be sensitive to medicines called neuroleptics. You may have adverse events with these medicines.

العلاجات الأخرى

You may benefit from:

  • علاج بدني
  • تدليك
  • Exercise
  • Music
  • العلاج العطري

الوقاية

There is no known way to prevent this condition.

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