تعريف
A finger fracture is a break in any of the bones in a finger. Each finger consists of three bones called the phalanges. The thumb has only two phalanges.
أسباب
A finger fracture is caused by trauma to the finger. Trauma includes:
- السقوط
- ضربات
- الاصطدامات
- Severe twists
عوامل الخطر
A risk factor is something that increases your chance of getting an injury.
General risk factors for fractures include:
- التقدم في السن
- Post-menopause
- هشاشة العظام
- سوء التغذية
- بعض حالات العظام الخلقية
- المشاركة في الرياضات الاتصالية
- عنف
الأعراض
تشمل الأعراض ما يلي:
- الألم، وغالبًا ما يكون شديدًا
- Swelling and tenderness
- Inability to move finger without pain or difficulty
- Possible deformity at fracture site
التشخيص
The doctor will ask about your symptoms, your physical activity, and how the injury occurred. The injured finger will be examined. The doctor may order x-rays of the finger to determine which bones are broken and the type of fracture.
العلاج
يعتمد العلاج على شدة الإصابة. يشمل العلاج:
- Putting the pieces of the bone back in place, which in some cases may requireanesthesia and/or surgery
- الحفاظ على القطع معًا بينما يشفي العظم نفسه
The doctor will put the bones back into place. This is usually done without surgery. However, if your fracture is severe, you may need pins, screws, or small plates to hold the bones in place. Each of these will require surgery. Pins may only require minor surgery, performed under local anesthesia.
Your finger will be put in a splint or cast to hold your finger motionless and to protect it. You will need to wear the splint or cast as long as your doctor recommends (usually 3-6 weeks). Your doctor may order x-rays during the healing time to ensure that the bones have not shifted position.
تمارين
When your doctor decides you are ready, start range-of-motion and strengtheningexercises. This is as important as the surgery. You may be referred to a physical therapist to assist you with these exercises.
If you are diagnosed with a finger fracture, follow your doctor’s instructions.
الوقاية
To help prevent finger fractures:
- Do not put yourself at risk for trauma to the fingers:
- Learn to practice correct technique in sports. Wear proper padding and safety equipment when participating in sports or physical activities.
- اتباع نظام غذائي غني بالكالسيوم وفيتامين د.
- Do weight-bearing and upper body-strengthening exercises to build strong bones.